Challenges In Yemen

Salim Jammal, MA, BS, MCSE April 30,2021

Yemen has gained its independence from the United Kingdom colonialism in 1967. It has been ruled by multiple Imams who were religious leaders and who were accepted by the Yemeni society. There has been historical animosity between Yemeni rulers and Saudi kings. The Yemeni society was divided between South and North as the Southern people underestimate Northern ones. Yemenis united against the occupant and succeeded to gain independence (Orkaby 2014 ). Saudi kings imposed their will over Yemeni governments and this intervention took its ultimate manifestation with President Ali Abdallah Saleh when he ceded the Jazan province.  After the September 11, 2001 events, terrorist groups looked at Yemen as a haven and started establishing strongholds over there. Saudis took advantage of the situation and established a coalition to attack Yemen under a false pretext of fighting terrorism. After the intensity of the attacks, the Houthis, who were a prominent tribe, declared the jihad against the Saudi aggression but they were a minority at that time. Under unknown circumstances, Ansarullah ( the Houthis) succeeded in gaining control over Sanaa and killing Ali Abdallah Saleh who took side with Saudi Arabia. The US supported the Saudi coalition as well as other European countries and supplied it with arms and ammunition in order to defeat the terrorists in Yemen.
References
Salim Jammal. “The Conflict Challenges In Yemen”. American Public University paper. 2021
Orkaby, Asher Aviad. “The International History of the Yemen Civil War, 1962-1968”. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2014.

The Conflict In Darfur Under Al Bashir’s Regime

Salim Jammal, MA, BS, MCSE wrote in a submission during the IRLS611 class on March 24, 2021

            I think that the major problem that is preventing the conflict in Darfur from ending is bias. Parties are not serious about ending the conflict but they rather change its direction, its intensity, or its extension according to their own agenda. Bias usually occurs when external states interfere as mediators in order to resolve a conflict. When a mediator and a disputer are link to each other in a certain way, the outcome of mediation is questionable ( Savun 2008)

          The states that intervened in the Darfur conflict have a type of relationship with at least one of the parties involved besides their own agenda. On the other hand, the Sudanese government acted in Darfur as a foreign entity sending a group of militants to fight other factions. The absence of sincerity in resolving this conflict ended up with a vacuum that nobody could fill till now and a turmoil that could last for years if not for decades. Is there any interest by any local or foreign party to end this conflict? It does not look like there is on the contrary some parties benefit from this conflict. It is unfortunate that the segment that pays the high price is always the innocent citizens who are killed, impoverished, and displaced.

References
Burcu Savun. “Information, Bias, and Mediation Success.”International studies quarterly”52, no. 1 (2008): 25–47.